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The Straightening of the Weft Pag. 35
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Purpose of processing
The device called "weft straightener", which serves to keep the wefts perpendicular to the warp threads,
it is found in the ramosa drying process, but can also be used autonomously for needs
finishing and packaging.
The "weft straightener" corrects the following defects:
- the angular deviation, when the wefts are oblique with respect to the warp threads,
not always or necessarily with detectable differences between the right and left side of the fabric,
but sometimes also between both sides and the center of the piece, with the wefts arched towards the center;
- the sinuosity of the textures, when these, always oblique, are also wavy.
Processing technology
For the detection of the aforementioned defects, gods are used
optoelectronic sensors - which see electronically - particularly suitable for fabrics
knitted and for traditional fabrics that have a certain degree of transparency.
In other cases, highly sensitive mechanical feelers are used, which can be adjusted in relation
to the more or less compact structure of the item being processed.
It is possible to install, especially at the end of drying, an additional mini weft straightener than
to the one supplied with the drying machine, with the aim of correcting minor distortions but
also to signal these further small corrections to the incoming weft straightener.
To understand the straightening principle of the wefts we refer to figure A, in which
the two straightening forces are observed (in black at the ends
left and right of the patch) exerted by the cylinders.
In this
for example the plots have an inclination that rises from the left
to the right and to return them to the horizontal position, the
right side cylinder lowers and brakes the fabric while the
cylinder from the left side, rising up, it works as a power supply,
thus obtaining a horizontal alignment of the
plots, as can be seen in the upper part of figure A.
The signal detected by the sensors is transmitted to the device
correction, which consists of a series of straightening cylinders
rights, which have the possibility of operating diagonally, and of
curved cylinders.
Keep it going
The combined action of these cylinders, set according to the interpretation of the signal, allows you to
cancel the distorted positions of the textures, by means of variations of the dragging speeds
between one selvedge and another. The sinuosity of the textures is instead canceled by the action of the cylinders
curved (see figure B).
Figure C shows the path of the fabric
through the two types of cylinders.
The fabric passes:
through a tensioner (see figure C, point 1), from a conveyor cylinder (fig. C, 2), alternately on straight cylinders (fig. C, 3) and on curved cylinders (fig. C, 4). Curved cylinders (fig. C, 4) can assume:
concave position when the wefts are convex with respect to the selvedges,
convex position when the wefts are concave.
The straight cylinders (fig. C, 3) can be displaced with respect to the tissue laterally, forwards or backwards, exerting forces on the tissue as indicated in figure A.
Another weft straightening system is employed when a diagonal offset occurs
from selvedge to selvedge and exploits the state of tension that is created in the crooked wefts. There
piece is anchored at the two ends to two discs garnished with needles. The discs (drums) are not
controlled but free to rotate in the direction of advancement of the fabric, while their mutual position is offset according to an oblique line if the weft is crooked. A tension is thus created on the weft itself and the composition of the forces causes a realignment of the end which is delayed.
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