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Weaving
Each type of loom for the manufacture of traditional fabrics, with rectilinear elements, carries out operations
fundamental, suitably synchronized, which are:
• the opening of the pass,
• the insertion of the plot through the passage,
• the stops of the weft inserted against the already formed fabric,
• the unwinding of the warp,
• wrapping the fabric.
In detail:
1. The warp beam is formed by a bearing cylinder and two large side plates that prevent
the fall of the coils of the warp yarn from the ends.
2. The yarn holder roller is used to arrange the warp on the horizontal work surface, while the slats of the
warp guard, through which the warp threads pass, make the loom stop when you
the threads are broken or the threads are too loose.
3. The heddles, which provide to give the yarns the movement of raising and lowering each time it comes
inserted a weft, they consist of links mounted on frames. In each jersey passes a
thread so that when the heddle rises all the threads that pass through its meshes rise.
Since to obtain a weave it is necessary that, of all the warp threads, one part rises and another
lowers at the passage of each weft, it is evident that in the simplest case to obtain a weave
very basic in a loom two heddles are enough, so that when one rises the other
it is lowered and vice versa (“cloth” armor).
The angle created by the series of the raised threads with that of the lowered threads constitutes the so-called mouth
of warp or shed, which has a height such as to allow the passage of the weft transported at one time
from the shuttle, today from pliers, bullets and, for certain types of fabrics, from jets of air or water, which increase
considerably the production capacity of the frame.
The comb, formed by a large number of steel plates welded to a metal frame, is made up
by a series of teeth through which one or more warp threads are passed. The comb
it has the purpose of keeping the threads parallel and giving the reed height of the fabric between the first and last thread
frame. The reed is fixed on the sley which serves to guide the shuttle or the gripper in the
step and to approach the inserted wefts to the part of fabric already formed.
Explanation
The swing box, which, compared to the fabric being formed, has a forward and backward movement,
it carries a surface on which the lowered wires rest on which the shuttle or pincer slides
during his round trip.
The passage of one weft after another constitutes the formation of the fabric, which passing over a
cylinder, rough to prevent slippage, is dragged and wound on a beam that rotates at
a speed proportional to the quantity of warp that unwinds automatically from its beam. On the
in front of the frame there are two temples, one for selvedge, devices whose purpose is to
keep the fabric forming always in the right tension in the horizontal direction (of the wefts).
An electronic panel allows you to program all the operating parameters of the loom:
• number of wefts to be inserted per centimeter,
• movement of healds,
• starting of the weft colors,
• etc.
Separately from the loom, to the left of the weaver, there is a small creel where they are placed
the spools of yarn for feeding the wefts. The creel is equipped with a weft regulator
necessary to have the insertion of the wefts with a uniform tension.
Services
After the sale of the machinery we also assist you in logistics and if desired by the customer we have technicians capable of reassembling and starting the machinery.